Geology
The science of geology is concerned with studying the Earth and what it is made up from. It also helps us assess what natural resources and precious materials are to be found on the planet, where they are located and how fast they are running out.
People have been studying the geology of the Earth since ancient times in their quest to understand how the Earth was created and formed. Nowadays geologists are still concerned with learning about and assessing the actual composition of the Earth - so they can tell you about the actual structure of the earth and how it is formed. This science also takes a historical slant in that the science can assess how old the Earth is and how it was formed over time.
On a practical and everyday level geology can also help us manage what we do on an area of land. A geological survey, for example, can be used to assess how suitable an area of land is for a specific purpose.
Straight geology is often referred to as an Earth Science as it is solely involved with issues about our planet. Some geologists will, as an alternative, study the make up and formation of other planets. This science is sometimes called Planetary Geology.
GeologicalSurvey.co.uk